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-rwxr-xr-x[-rw-r--r--]zen/string_tools.h1420
1 files changed, 707 insertions, 713 deletions
diff --git a/zen/string_tools.h b/zen/string_tools.h
index 5292dfc6..5a82e0ed 100644..100755
--- a/zen/string_tools.h
+++ b/zen/string_tools.h
@@ -1,713 +1,707 @@
-// *****************************************************************************
-// * This file is part of the FreeFileSync project. It is distributed under *
-// * GNU General Public License: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0 *
-// * Copyright (C) Zenju (zenju AT freefilesync DOT org) - All Rights Reserved *
-// *****************************************************************************
-
-#ifndef STRING_TOOLS_H_213458973046
-#define STRING_TOOLS_H_213458973046
-
-#include <cctype> //isspace
-#include <cwctype> //iswspace
-#include <cstdio> //sprintf
-#include <cwchar> //swprintf
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <vector>
-#include <sstream>
-#include "stl_tools.h"
-#include "string_traits.h"
-
-
-//enhance arbitray string class with useful non-member functions:
-namespace zen
-{
-template <class Char> bool isWhiteSpace(Char ch);
-template <class Char> bool isDigit (Char ch); //not exactly the same as "std::isdigit" -> we consider '0'-'9' only!
-template <class Char> bool isHexDigit (Char ch);
-template <class Char> bool isAlpha (Char ch);
-
-template <class S, class T> bool startsWith(const S& str, const T& prefix); //
-template <class S, class T> bool endsWith (const S& str, const T& postfix); //both S and T can be strings or char/wchar_t arrays or simple char/wchar_t
-template <class S, class T> bool contains (const S& str, const T& term); //
-
-enum FailureReturnVal
-{
- IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL,
- IF_MISSING_RETURN_NONE
-};
-
-template <class S, class T> S afterLast (const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv);
-template <class S, class T> S beforeLast (const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv);
-template <class S, class T> S afterFirst (const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv);
-template <class S, class T> S beforeFirst(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv);
-
-template <class S, class T> std::vector<S> split(const S& str, const T& delimiter);
-template <class S> void trim (S& str, bool fromLeft = true, bool fromRight = true);
-template <class S> S trimCpy(S str, bool fromLeft = true, bool fromRight = true);
-template <class S, class T, class U> void replace ( S& str, const T& oldTerm, const U& newTerm, bool replaceAll = true);
-template <class S, class T, class U> S replaceCpy(const S& str, const T& oldTerm, const U& newTerm, bool replaceAll = true);
-
-//high-performance conversion between numbers and strings
-template <class S, class Num> S numberTo(const Num& number);
-template <class Num, class S > Num stringTo(const S& str);
-
-std::pair<char, char> hexify (unsigned char c, bool upperCase = true);
-char unhexify(char high, char low);
-
-template <class S, class T, class Num> S printNumber(const T& format, const Num& number); //format a single number using std::snprintf()
-
-//string to string conversion: converts string-like type into char-compatible target string class
-template <class T, class S> T copyStringTo(S&& str);
-
-//case-sensitive comparison
-template <class S, class T> int cmpString(const S& lhs, const T& rhs);
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-//---------------------- implementation ----------------------
-template <> inline
-bool isWhiteSpace(char ch)
-{
- assert(ch != 0); //std C++ does not consider 0 as white space
- //caveat 1: std::isspace() takes an int, but expects an unsigned char
- //caveat 2: some parts of UTF-8 chars are erroneously seen as whitespace, e.g. the a0 from "\xec\x8b\xa0" (MSVC)
- return static_cast<unsigned char>(ch) < 128 &&
- std::isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
-}
-
-template <> inline
-bool isWhiteSpace(wchar_t ch)
-{
- assert(ch != 0); //std C++ does not consider 0 as white space
- return std::iswspace(ch) != 0;
-}
-
-
-template <class Char> inline
-bool isDigit(Char ch) //similar to implmenetation of std::::isdigit()!
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<Char, char>::value || IsSameType<Char, wchar_t>::value, "");
- return static_cast<Char>('0') <= ch && ch <= static_cast<Char>('9');
-}
-
-
-template <class Char> inline
-bool isHexDigit(Char c)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<Char, char>::value || IsSameType<Char, wchar_t>::value, "");
- return (static_cast<Char>('0') <= c && c <= static_cast<Char>('9')) ||
- (static_cast<Char>('A') <= c && c <= static_cast<Char>('F')) ||
- (static_cast<Char>('a') <= c && c <= static_cast<Char>('f'));
-}
-
-
-template <> bool isAlpha(char ch) = delete; //probably not a good idea with UTF-8 anyway...
-
-template <> inline bool isAlpha(wchar_t ch) { return std::iswalpha(ch) != 0; }
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-bool startsWith(const S& str, const T& prefix)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- const size_t pfLen = strLength(prefix);
- if (strLength(str) < pfLen)
- return false;
-
- const auto* const cmpFirst = strBegin(str);
- return std::equal(cmpFirst, cmpFirst + pfLen,
- strBegin(prefix));
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-bool endsWith(const S& str, const T& postfix)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- const size_t strLen = strLength(str);
- const size_t pfLen = strLength(postfix);
- if (strLen < pfLen)
- return false;
-
- const auto* const cmpFirst = strBegin(str) + strLen - pfLen;
- return std::equal(cmpFirst, cmpFirst + pfLen,
- strBegin(postfix));
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-bool contains(const S& str, const T& term)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- const size_t strLen = strLength(str);
- const size_t termLen = strLength(term);
- if (strLen < termLen)
- return false;
-
- const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
- const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLen;
- const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
-
- return std::search(strFirst, strLast,
- termFirst, termFirst + termLen) != strLast;
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-S afterLast(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- const size_t termLen = strLength(term);
-
- const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
- const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLength(str);
- const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
-
- const auto* it = search_last(strFirst, strLast,
- termFirst, termFirst + termLen);
- if (it == strLast)
- return rv == IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL ? str : S();
-
- it += termLen;
- return S(it, strLast - it);
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-S beforeLast(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
- const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLength(str);
- const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
-
- const auto* it = search_last(strFirst, strLast,
- termFirst, termFirst + strLength(term));
- if (it == strLast)
- return rv == IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL ? str : S();
-
- return S(strFirst, it - strFirst);
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-S afterFirst(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- const size_t termLen = strLength(term);
- const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
- const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLength(str);
- const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
-
- const auto* it = std::search(strFirst, strLast,
- termFirst, termFirst + termLen);
- if (it == strLast)
- return rv == IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL ? str : S();
-
- it += termLen;
- return S(it, strLast - it);
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-S beforeFirst(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
- const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLength(str);
- const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
-
- auto it = std::search(strFirst, strLast,
- termFirst, termFirst + strLength(term));
- if (it == strLast)
- return rv == IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL ? str : S();
-
- return S(strFirst, it - strFirst);
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-std::vector<S> split(const S& str, const T& delimiter)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
-
- const size_t delimLen = strLength(delimiter);
-
- if (delimLen == 0)
- return { str };
- else
- {
- const auto* const delimFirst = strBegin(delimiter);
- const auto* const delimLast = delimFirst + delimLen;
-
- const auto* blockStart = strBegin(str);
- const auto* const strLast = blockStart + strLength(str);
-
- std::vector<S> output;
-
- for (;;)
- {
- const auto* const blockEnd = std::search(blockStart, strLast,
- delimFirst, delimLast);
-
- output.emplace_back(blockStart, blockEnd - blockStart);
- if (blockEnd == strLast) //clients expect: if delimiter not found, return str
- return output;
- blockStart = blockEnd + delimLen;
- }
- }
-}
-
-
-namespace impl
-{
-ZEN_INIT_DETECT_MEMBER(append);
-
-//either call operator+=(S(str, len)) or append(str, len)
-template <class S, class InputIterator> inline
-typename EnableIf<HasMember_append<S>::value>::Type stringAppend(S& str, InputIterator first, InputIterator last) { str.append(first, last); }
-
-template <class S, class InputIterator> inline
-typename EnableIf<!HasMember_append<S>::value>::Type stringAppend(S& str, InputIterator first, InputIterator last) { str += S(first, last); }
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T, class U> inline
-S replaceCpy(const S& str, const T& oldTerm, const U& newTerm, bool replaceAll)
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<T>::Type, typename GetCharType<U>::Type>::value, "");
- const size_t oldLen = strLength(oldTerm);
- if (oldLen == 0)
- {
- assert(false);
- return str;
- }
-
- const auto* strPos = strBegin(str);
- const auto* const strEnd = strPos + strLength(str);
-
- const auto* const oldBegin = strBegin(oldTerm);
- const auto* const oldEnd = oldBegin + oldLen;
-
- //optimize "oldTerm not found": return ref-counted copy
- const auto* strMatch = std::search(strPos, strEnd,
- oldBegin, oldEnd);
- if (strMatch == strEnd)
- return str;
-
- const auto* const newBegin = strBegin(newTerm);
- const auto* const newEnd = newBegin + strLength(newTerm);
- S output;
-
- for (;;)
- {
- impl::stringAppend(output, strPos, strMatch);
- impl::stringAppend(output, newBegin, newEnd);
-
- strPos = strMatch + oldLen;
-
- if (!replaceAll)
- break;
-
- strMatch = std::search(strPos, strEnd,
- oldBegin, oldEnd);
- if (strMatch == strEnd)
- break;
- }
- impl::stringAppend(output, strPos, strEnd);
-
- return output;
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class T, class U> inline
-void replace(S& str, const T& oldTerm, const U& newTerm, bool replaceAll)
-{
- str = replaceCpy(str, oldTerm, newTerm, replaceAll);
-}
-
-
-template <class S> inline
-void trim(S& str, bool fromLeft, bool fromRight)
-{
- assert(fromLeft || fromRight);
-
- const auto* const oldBegin = strBegin(str);
- const auto* newBegin = oldBegin;
- const auto* newEnd = oldBegin + strLength(str);
-
- if (fromRight)
- while (newBegin != newEnd && isWhiteSpace(newEnd[-1]))
- --newEnd;
-
- if (fromLeft)
- while (newBegin != newEnd && isWhiteSpace(*newBegin))
- ++newBegin;
-
- if (newBegin != oldBegin)
- str = S(newBegin, newEnd - newBegin); //minor inefficiency: in case "str" is not shared, we could save an allocation and do a memory move only
- else
- str.resize(newEnd - newBegin);
-}
-
-
-template <class S> inline
-S trimCpy(S str, bool fromLeft, bool fromRight)
-{
- //implementing trimCpy() in terms of trim(), instead of the other way round, avoids memory allocations when trimming from right!
- trim(str, fromLeft, fromRight);
- return std::move(str); //"str" is an l-value parameter => no copy elision!
-}
-
-
-namespace impl
-{
-template <class S, class T>
-struct CopyStringToString
-{
- T copy(const S& src) const { return T(strBegin(src), strLength(src)); }
-};
-
-template <class T>
-struct CopyStringToString<T, T> //perf: we don't need a deep copy if string types match
-{
- template <class S>
- T copy(S&& str) const { return std::forward<S>(str); }
-};
-}
-
-template <class T, class S> inline
-T copyStringTo(S&& str) { return impl::CopyStringToString<std::decay_t<S>, T>().copy(std::forward<S>(str)); }
-
-
-template <class S, class T> inline
-int cmpString(const S& lhs, const T& rhs)
-{
- const size_t lenL = strLength(lhs);
- const size_t lenR = strLength(rhs);
-
- const auto* strPosL = strBegin(lhs);
- const auto* strPosR = strBegin(rhs);
-
- const auto* const strPosLLast = strPosL + std::min(lenL, lenR);
-
- while (strPosL != strPosLLast)
- {
- const auto charL = static_cast<unsigned int>(*strPosL++); //unsigned char-comparison is the convention!
- const auto charR = static_cast<unsigned int>(*strPosR++);
- if (charL != charR)
- return static_cast<int>(charL) - static_cast<int>(charR);
- }
- return static_cast<int>(lenL) - static_cast<int>(lenR);
-}
-
-
-namespace impl
-{
-template <class Num> inline
-int saferPrintf(char* buffer, size_t bufferSize, const char* format, const Num& number) //there is no such thing as a "safe" printf ;)
-{
-#if defined _MSC_VER || defined __MINGW32__
- return ::_snprintf(buffer, bufferSize, format, number); //by factor 10 faster than "std::snprintf" on MinGW and on par with std::sprintf()!!!
-#else
- return std::snprintf(buffer, bufferSize, format, number); //C99
-#endif
-}
-
-template <class Num> inline
-int saferPrintf(wchar_t* buffer, size_t bufferSize, const wchar_t* format, const Num& number)
-{
-#ifdef __MINGW32__
- return ::_snwprintf(buffer, bufferSize, format, number); //MinGW doesn't respect ISO C
-#else
- return std::swprintf(buffer, bufferSize, format, number); //C99
-#endif
-}
-}
-
-template <class S, class T, class Num> inline
-S printNumber(const T& format, const Num& number) //format a single number using ::sprintf
-{
- static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
- using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
-
- const int BUFFER_SIZE = 128;
- CharType buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; //zero-initialize?
- const int charsWritten = impl::saferPrintf(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, strBegin(format), number);
-
- return charsWritten > 0 ? S(buffer, charsWritten) : S();
-}
-
-
-namespace impl
-{
-enum NumberType
-{
- NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT,
- NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT,
- NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT,
- NUM_TYPE_OTHER,
-};
-
-
-template <class S, class Num> inline
-S numberTo(const Num& number, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_OTHER>) //default number to string conversion using streams: convenient, but SLOW, SLOW, SLOW!!!! (~ factor of 20)
-{
- using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
-
- std::basic_ostringstream<CharType> ss;
- ss << number;
- return copyStringTo<S>(ss.str());
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class Num> inline S floatToString(const Num& number, char ) { return printNumber<S>( "%g", static_cast<double>(number)); }
-template <class S, class Num> inline S floatToString(const Num& number, wchar_t) { return printNumber<S>(L"%g", static_cast<double>(number)); }
-
-template <class S, class Num> inline
-S numberTo(const Num& number, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT>)
-{
- return floatToString<S>(number, typename GetCharType<S>::Type());
-}
-
-
-/*
-perf: integer to string: (executed 10 mio. times)
- std::stringstream - 14796 ms
- std::sprintf - 3086 ms
- formatInteger - 778 ms
-*/
-
-template <class OutputIterator, class Num> inline
-void formatNegativeInteger(Num n, OutputIterator& it)
-{
- assert(n < 0);
- using CharType = typename std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>::value_type;
- do
- {
- const Num tmp = n / 10;
- *--it = static_cast<CharType>('0' + (tmp * 10 - n)); //8% faster than using modulus operator!
- n = tmp;
- }
- while (n != 0);
-
- *--it = static_cast<CharType>('-');
-}
-
-template <class OutputIterator, class Num> inline
-void formatPositiveInteger(Num n, OutputIterator& it)
-{
- assert(n >= 0);
- using CharType = typename std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>::value_type;
- do
- {
- const Num tmp = n / 10;
- *--it = static_cast<CharType>('0' + (n - tmp * 10)); //8% faster than using modulus operator!
- n = tmp;
- }
- while (n != 0);
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class Num> inline
-S numberTo(const Num& number, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT>)
-{
- using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
- CharType buffer[2 + sizeof(Num) * 241 / 100]; //zero-initialize?
- //it's generally faster to use a buffer than to rely on String::operator+=() (in)efficiency
- //required chars (+ sign char): 1 + ceil(ln_10(256^sizeof(n) / 2 + 1)) -> divide by 2 for signed half-range; second +1 since one half starts with 1!
- // <= 1 + ceil(ln_10(256^sizeof(n))) =~ 1 + ceil(sizeof(n) * 2.4082) <= 2 + floor(sizeof(n) * 2.41)
-
- //caveat: consider INT_MIN: technically -INT_MIN == INT_MIN
- auto it = std::end(buffer);
- if (number < 0)
- formatNegativeInteger(number, it);
- else
- formatPositiveInteger(number, it);
- assert(it >= std::begin(buffer));
-
- return S(&*it, std::end(buffer) - it);
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class Num> inline
-S numberTo(const Num& number, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT>)
-{
- using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
- CharType buffer[1 + sizeof(Num) * 241 / 100]; //zero-initialize?
- //required chars: ceil(ln_10(256^sizeof(n))) =~ ceil(sizeof(n) * 2.4082) <= 1 + floor(sizeof(n) * 2.41)
-
- auto it = std::end(buffer);
- formatPositiveInteger(number, it);
- assert(it >= std::begin(buffer));
-
- return S(&*it, std::end(buffer) - it);
-}
-
-//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-template <class Num, class S> inline
-Num stringTo(const S& str, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_OTHER>) //default string to number conversion using streams: convenient, but SLOW
-{
- using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
- Num number = 0;
- std::basic_istringstream<CharType>(copyStringTo<std::basic_string<CharType>>(str)) >> number;
- return number;
-}
-
-
-template <class Num> inline Num stringToFloat(const char* str) { return std::strtod(str, nullptr); }
-template <class Num> inline Num stringToFloat(const wchar_t* str) { return std::wcstod(str, nullptr); }
-
-template <class Num, class S> inline
-Num stringTo(const S& str, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT>)
-{
- return stringToFloat<Num>(strBegin(str));
-}
-
-template <class Num, class S>
-Num extractInteger(const S& str, bool& hasMinusSign) //very fast conversion to integers: slightly faster than std::atoi, but more importantly: generic
-{
- using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
-
- const CharType* first = strBegin(str);
- const CharType* last = first + strLength(str);
-
- while (first != last && isWhiteSpace(*first)) //skip leading whitespace
- ++first;
-
- //handle minus sign
- hasMinusSign = false;
- if (first != last)
- {
- if (*first == static_cast<CharType>('-'))
- {
- hasMinusSign = true;
- ++first;
- }
- else if (*first == static_cast<CharType>('+'))
- ++first;
- }
-
- Num number = 0;
- for (const CharType* it = first; it != last; ++it)
- {
- const CharType c = *it;
- if (static_cast<CharType>('0') <= c && c <= static_cast<CharType>('9'))
- {
- number *= 10;
- number += c - static_cast<CharType>('0');
- }
- else
- {
- //rest of string should contain whitespace only, it's NOT a bug if there is something else!
- //assert(std::all_of(iter, last, &isWhiteSpace<CharType>)); -> this is NO assert situation
- break;
- }
- }
- return number;
-}
-
-
-template <class Num, class S> inline
-Num stringTo(const S& str, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT>)
-{
- bool hasMinusSign = false; //handle minus sign
- const Num number = extractInteger<Num>(str, hasMinusSign);
- return hasMinusSign ? -number : number;
-}
-
-
-template <class Num, class S> inline
-Num stringTo(const S& str, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT>) //very fast conversion to integers: slightly faster than std::atoi, but more importantly: generic
-{
- bool hasMinusSign = false; //handle minus sign
- const Num number = extractInteger<Num>(str, hasMinusSign);
- if (hasMinusSign)
- {
- assert(false);
- return 0U;
- }
- return number;
-}
-}
-
-
-template <class S, class Num> inline
-S numberTo(const Num& number)
-{
- using TypeTag = Int2Type<
- IsSignedInt <Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT :
- IsUnsignedInt<Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT :
- IsFloat <Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT :
- impl::NUM_TYPE_OTHER>;
-
- return impl::numberTo<S>(number, TypeTag());
-}
-
-
-template <class Num, class S> inline
-Num stringTo(const S& str)
-{
- using TypeTag = Int2Type<
- IsSignedInt <Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT :
- IsUnsignedInt<Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT :
- IsFloat <Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT :
- impl::NUM_TYPE_OTHER>;
-
- return impl::stringTo<Num>(str, TypeTag());
-}
-
-
-inline //hexify beats "printNumber<std::string>("%02X", c)" by a nice factor of 3!
-std::pair<char, char> hexify(unsigned char c, bool upperCase)
-{
- auto hexifyDigit = [upperCase](int num) -> char //input [0, 15], output 0-9, A-F
- {
- assert(0 <= num&& num <= 15); //guaranteed by design below!
- if (num <= 9)
- return static_cast<char>('0' + num); //no signed/unsigned char problem here!
-
- if (upperCase)
- return static_cast<char>('A' + (num - 10));
- else
- return static_cast<char>('a' + (num - 10));
- };
- return std::make_pair(hexifyDigit(c / 16), hexifyDigit(c % 16));
-}
-
-
-inline //unhexify beats "::sscanf(&it[3], "%02X", &tmp)" by a factor of 3000 for ~250000 calls!!!
-char unhexify(char high, char low)
-{
- auto unhexifyDigit = [](char hex) -> int //input 0-9, a-f, A-F; output range: [0, 15]
- {
- if ('0' <= hex && hex <= '9') //no signed/unsigned char problem here!
- return hex - '0';
- else if ('A' <= hex && hex <= 'F')
- return (hex - 'A') + 10;
- else if ('a' <= hex && hex <= 'f')
- return (hex - 'a') + 10;
- assert(false);
- return 0;
- };
- return static_cast<unsigned char>(16 * unhexifyDigit(high) + unhexifyDigit(low)); //[!] convert to unsigned char first, then to char (which may be signed)
-}
-}
-
-#endif //STRING_TOOLS_H_213458973046
+// *****************************************************************************
+// * This file is part of the FreeFileSync project. It is distributed under *
+// * GNU General Public License: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0 *
+// * Copyright (C) Zenju (zenju AT freefilesync DOT org) - All Rights Reserved *
+// *****************************************************************************
+
+#ifndef STRING_TOOLS_H_213458973046
+#define STRING_TOOLS_H_213458973046
+
+#include <cctype> //isspace
+#include <cwctype> //iswspace
+#include <cstdio> //sprintf
+#include <cwchar> //swprintf
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <vector>
+#include <sstream>
+#include "stl_tools.h"
+#include "string_traits.h"
+
+
+//enhance arbitray string class with useful non-member functions:
+namespace zen
+{
+template <class Char> bool isWhiteSpace(Char ch);
+template <class Char> bool isDigit (Char ch); //not exactly the same as "std::isdigit" -> we consider '0'-'9' only!
+template <class Char> bool isHexDigit (Char ch);
+template <class Char> bool isAlpha (Char ch);
+
+template <class S, class T> bool startsWith(const S& str, const T& prefix); //
+template <class S, class T> bool endsWith (const S& str, const T& postfix); //both S and T can be strings or char/wchar_t arrays or simple char/wchar_t
+template <class S, class T> bool contains (const S& str, const T& term); //
+
+enum FailureReturnVal
+{
+ IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL,
+ IF_MISSING_RETURN_NONE
+};
+
+template <class S, class T> S afterLast (const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv);
+template <class S, class T> S beforeLast (const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv);
+template <class S, class T> S afterFirst (const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv);
+template <class S, class T> S beforeFirst(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv);
+
+template <class S, class T> std::vector<S> split(const S& str, const T& delimiter);
+template <class S> S trimCpy(S str, bool fromLeft = true, bool fromRight = true);
+template <class S> void trim (S& str, bool fromLeft = true, bool fromRight = true);
+template <class S, class Function> void trim(S& str, bool fromLeft, bool fromRight, Function trimThisChar);
+template <class S, class T, class U> void replace ( S& str, const T& oldTerm, const U& newTerm, bool replaceAll = true);
+template <class S, class T, class U> S replaceCpy(const S& str, const T& oldTerm, const U& newTerm, bool replaceAll = true);
+
+//high-performance conversion between numbers and strings
+template <class S, class Num> S numberTo(const Num& number);
+template <class Num, class S > Num stringTo(const S& str);
+
+std::pair<char, char> hexify (unsigned char c, bool upperCase = true);
+char unhexify(char high, char low);
+
+template <class S, class T, class Num> S printNumber(const T& format, const Num& number); //format a single number using std::snprintf()
+
+//string to string conversion: converts string-like type into char-compatible target string class
+template <class T, class S> T copyStringTo(S&& str);
+
+//case-sensitive comparison
+template <class S, class T> int cmpString(const S& lhs, const T& rhs);
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//---------------------- implementation ----------------------
+template <> inline
+bool isWhiteSpace(char ch)
+{
+ assert(ch != 0); //std C++ does not consider 0 as white space
+ //caveat 1: std::isspace() takes an int, but expects an unsigned char
+ //caveat 2: some parts of UTF-8 chars are erroneously seen as whitespace, e.g. the a0 from "\xec\x8b\xa0" (MSVC)
+ return static_cast<unsigned char>(ch) < 128 &&
+ std::isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
+}
+
+template <> inline
+bool isWhiteSpace(wchar_t ch)
+{
+ assert(ch != 0); //std C++ does not consider 0 as white space
+ return std::iswspace(ch) != 0;
+}
+
+
+template <class Char> inline
+bool isDigit(Char ch) //similar to implmenetation of std::::isdigit()!
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<Char, char>::value || IsSameType<Char, wchar_t>::value, "");
+ return static_cast<Char>('0') <= ch && ch <= static_cast<Char>('9');
+}
+
+
+template <class Char> inline
+bool isHexDigit(Char c)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<Char, char>::value || IsSameType<Char, wchar_t>::value, "");
+ return (static_cast<Char>('0') <= c && c <= static_cast<Char>('9')) ||
+ (static_cast<Char>('A') <= c && c <= static_cast<Char>('F')) ||
+ (static_cast<Char>('a') <= c && c <= static_cast<Char>('f'));
+}
+
+
+template <> bool isAlpha(char ch) = delete; //probably not a good idea with UTF-8 anyway...
+
+template <> inline bool isAlpha(wchar_t ch) { return std::iswalpha(ch) != 0; }
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+bool startsWith(const S& str, const T& prefix)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ const size_t pfLen = strLength(prefix);
+ if (strLength(str) < pfLen)
+ return false;
+
+ const auto* const cmpFirst = strBegin(str);
+ return std::equal(cmpFirst, cmpFirst + pfLen,
+ strBegin(prefix));
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+bool endsWith(const S& str, const T& postfix)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ const size_t strLen = strLength(str);
+ const size_t pfLen = strLength(postfix);
+ if (strLen < pfLen)
+ return false;
+
+ const auto* const cmpFirst = strBegin(str) + strLen - pfLen;
+ return std::equal(cmpFirst, cmpFirst + pfLen,
+ strBegin(postfix));
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+bool contains(const S& str, const T& term)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ const size_t strLen = strLength(str);
+ const size_t termLen = strLength(term);
+ if (strLen < termLen)
+ return false;
+
+ const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
+ const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLen;
+ const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
+
+ return std::search(strFirst, strLast,
+ termFirst, termFirst + termLen) != strLast;
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+S afterLast(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ const size_t termLen = strLength(term);
+
+ const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
+ const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLength(str);
+ const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
+
+ const auto* it = search_last(strFirst, strLast,
+ termFirst, termFirst + termLen);
+ if (it == strLast)
+ return rv == IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL ? str : S();
+
+ it += termLen;
+ return S(it, strLast - it);
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+S beforeLast(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
+ const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLength(str);
+ const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
+
+ const auto* it = search_last(strFirst, strLast,
+ termFirst, termFirst + strLength(term));
+ if (it == strLast)
+ return rv == IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL ? str : S();
+
+ return S(strFirst, it - strFirst);
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+S afterFirst(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ const size_t termLen = strLength(term);
+ const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
+ const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLength(str);
+ const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
+
+ const auto* it = std::search(strFirst, strLast,
+ termFirst, termFirst + termLen);
+ if (it == strLast)
+ return rv == IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL ? str : S();
+
+ it += termLen;
+ return S(it, strLast - it);
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+S beforeFirst(const S& str, const T& term, FailureReturnVal rv)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
+ const auto* const strLast = strFirst + strLength(str);
+ const auto* const termFirst = strBegin(term);
+
+ auto it = std::search(strFirst, strLast,
+ termFirst, termFirst + strLength(term));
+ if (it == strLast)
+ return rv == IF_MISSING_RETURN_ALL ? str : S();
+
+ return S(strFirst, it - strFirst);
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+std::vector<S> split(const S& str, const T& delimiter)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+
+ const size_t delimLen = strLength(delimiter);
+
+ if (delimLen == 0)
+ return { str };
+ else
+ {
+ const auto* const delimFirst = strBegin(delimiter);
+ const auto* const delimLast = delimFirst + delimLen;
+
+ const auto* blockStart = strBegin(str);
+ const auto* const strLast = blockStart + strLength(str);
+
+ std::vector<S> output;
+
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ const auto* const blockEnd = std::search(blockStart, strLast,
+ delimFirst, delimLast);
+
+ output.emplace_back(blockStart, blockEnd - blockStart);
+ if (blockEnd == strLast) //clients expect: if delimiter not found, return str
+ return output;
+ blockStart = blockEnd + delimLen;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+namespace impl
+{
+ZEN_INIT_DETECT_MEMBER(append);
+
+//either call operator+=(S(str, len)) or append(str, len)
+template <class S, class InputIterator> inline
+typename EnableIf<HasMember_append<S>::value>::Type stringAppend(S& str, InputIterator first, InputIterator last) { str.append(first, last); }
+
+template <class S, class InputIterator> inline
+typename EnableIf<!HasMember_append<S>::value>::Type stringAppend(S& str, InputIterator first, InputIterator last) { str += S(first, last); }
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T, class U> inline
+S replaceCpy(const S& str, const T& oldTerm, const U& newTerm, bool replaceAll)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<T>::Type, typename GetCharType<U>::Type>::value, "");
+ const size_t oldLen = strLength(oldTerm);
+ if (oldLen == 0)
+ return str;
+
+ const auto* const oldBegin = strBegin(oldTerm);
+ const auto* const oldEnd = oldBegin + oldLen;
+
+ const auto* const newBegin = strBegin(newTerm);
+ const auto* const newEnd = newBegin + strLength(newTerm);
+
+ S output;
+
+ for (auto it = str.begin();;)
+ {
+ const auto itFound = std::search(it, str.end(),
+ oldBegin, oldEnd);
+ if (itFound == str.end() && it == str.begin())
+ return str; //optimize "oldTerm not found": return ref-counted copy
+
+ impl::stringAppend(output, it, itFound);
+ if (itFound == str.end())
+ return output;
+
+ impl::stringAppend(output, newBegin, newEnd);
+ it = itFound + oldLen;
+
+ if (!replaceAll)
+ {
+ impl::stringAppend(output, it, str.end());
+ return output;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class T, class U> inline
+void replace(S& str, const T& oldTerm, const U& newTerm, bool replaceAll)
+{
+ str = replaceCpy(str, oldTerm, newTerm, replaceAll);
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class Function> inline
+void trim(S& str, bool fromLeft, bool fromRight, Function trimThisChar)
+{
+ assert(fromLeft || fromRight);
+
+ const auto* const oldBegin = strBegin(str);
+ const auto* newBegin = oldBegin;
+ const auto* newEnd = oldBegin + strLength(str);
+
+ if (fromRight)
+ while (newBegin != newEnd && trimThisChar(newEnd[-1]))
+ --newEnd;
+
+ if (fromLeft)
+ while (newBegin != newEnd && trimThisChar(*newBegin))
+ ++newBegin;
+
+ if (newBegin != oldBegin)
+ str = S(newBegin, newEnd - newBegin); //minor inefficiency: in case "str" is not shared, we could save an allocation and do a memory move only
+ else
+ str.resize(newEnd - newBegin);
+}
+
+
+template <class S> inline
+void trim(S& str, bool fromLeft, bool fromRight)
+{
+ using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
+ trim(str, fromLeft, fromRight, [](CharType c) { return isWhiteSpace(c); });
+}
+
+
+template <class S> inline
+S trimCpy(S str, bool fromLeft, bool fromRight)
+{
+ //implementing trimCpy() in terms of trim(), instead of the other way round, avoids memory allocations when trimming from right!
+ trim(str, fromLeft, fromRight);
+ return std::move(str); //"str" is an l-value parameter => no copy elision!
+}
+
+
+namespace impl
+{
+template <class S, class T>
+struct CopyStringToString
+{
+ T copy(const S& src) const { return T(strBegin(src), strLength(src)); }
+};
+
+template <class T>
+struct CopyStringToString<T, T> //perf: we don't need a deep copy if string types match
+{
+ template <class S>
+ T copy(S&& str) const { return std::forward<S>(str); }
+};
+}
+
+template <class T, class S> inline
+T copyStringTo(S&& str) { return impl::CopyStringToString<std::decay_t<S>, T>().copy(std::forward<S>(str)); }
+
+
+template <class S, class T> inline
+int cmpString(const S& lhs, const T& rhs)
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+
+ const size_t lenL = strLength(lhs);
+ const size_t lenR = strLength(rhs);
+
+ const auto* strPosL = strBegin(lhs);
+ const auto* strPosR = strBegin(rhs);
+
+ const auto* const strPosLLast = strPosL + std::min(lenL, lenR);
+
+ while (strPosL != strPosLLast)
+ {
+ const auto charL = static_cast<unsigned int>(*strPosL++); //unsigned char-comparison is the convention!
+ const auto charR = static_cast<unsigned int>(*strPosR++);
+ if (charL != charR)
+ return static_cast<int>(charL) - static_cast<int>(charR);
+ }
+ return static_cast<int>(lenL) - static_cast<int>(lenR);
+}
+
+
+namespace impl
+{
+template <class Num> inline
+int saferPrintf(char* buffer, size_t bufferSize, const char* format, const Num& number) //there is no such thing as a "safe" printf ;)
+{
+ return std::snprintf(buffer, bufferSize, format, number); //C99
+}
+
+template <class Num> inline
+int saferPrintf(wchar_t* buffer, size_t bufferSize, const wchar_t* format, const Num& number)
+{
+ return std::swprintf(buffer, bufferSize, format, number); //C99
+}
+}
+
+template <class S, class T, class Num> inline
+S printNumber(const T& format, const Num& number) //format a single number using ::sprintf
+{
+ static_assert(IsSameType<typename GetCharType<S>::Type, typename GetCharType<T>::Type>::value, "");
+ using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
+
+ const int BUFFER_SIZE = 128;
+ CharType buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; //zero-initialize?
+ const int charsWritten = impl::saferPrintf(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, strBegin(format), number);
+
+ return charsWritten > 0 ? S(buffer, charsWritten) : S();
+}
+
+
+namespace impl
+{
+enum NumberType
+{
+ NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT,
+ NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT,
+ NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT,
+ NUM_TYPE_OTHER,
+};
+
+
+template <class S, class Num> inline
+S numberTo(const Num& number, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_OTHER>) //default number to string conversion using streams: convenient, but SLOW, SLOW, SLOW!!!! (~ factor of 20)
+{
+ using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
+
+ std::basic_ostringstream<CharType> ss;
+ ss << number;
+ return copyStringTo<S>(ss.str());
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class Num> inline S floatToString(const Num& number, char ) { return printNumber<S>( "%g", static_cast<double>(number)); }
+template <class S, class Num> inline S floatToString(const Num& number, wchar_t) { return printNumber<S>(L"%g", static_cast<double>(number)); }
+
+template <class S, class Num> inline
+S numberTo(const Num& number, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT>)
+{
+ return floatToString<S>(number, typename GetCharType<S>::Type());
+}
+
+
+/*
+perf: integer to string: (executed 10 mio. times)
+ std::stringstream - 14796 ms
+ std::sprintf - 3086 ms
+ formatInteger - 778 ms
+*/
+
+template <class OutputIterator, class Num> inline
+void formatNegativeInteger(Num n, OutputIterator& it)
+{
+ assert(n < 0);
+ using CharType = typename std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>::value_type;
+ do
+ {
+ const Num tmp = n / 10;
+ *--it = static_cast<CharType>('0' + (tmp * 10 - n)); //8% faster than using modulus operator!
+ n = tmp;
+ }
+ while (n != 0);
+
+ *--it = static_cast<CharType>('-');
+}
+
+template <class OutputIterator, class Num> inline
+void formatPositiveInteger(Num n, OutputIterator& it)
+{
+ assert(n >= 0);
+ using CharType = typename std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>::value_type;
+ do
+ {
+ const Num tmp = n / 10;
+ *--it = static_cast<CharType>('0' + (n - tmp * 10)); //8% faster than using modulus operator!
+ n = tmp;
+ }
+ while (n != 0);
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class Num> inline
+S numberTo(const Num& number, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT>)
+{
+ using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
+ CharType buffer[2 + sizeof(Num) * 241 / 100]; //zero-initialize?
+ //it's generally faster to use a buffer than to rely on String::operator+=() (in)efficiency
+ //required chars (+ sign char): 1 + ceil(ln_10(256^sizeof(n) / 2 + 1)) -> divide by 2 for signed half-range; second +1 since one half starts with 1!
+ // <= 1 + ceil(ln_10(256^sizeof(n))) =~ 1 + ceil(sizeof(n) * 2.4082) <= 2 + floor(sizeof(n) * 2.41)
+
+ //caveat: consider INT_MIN: technically -INT_MIN == INT_MIN
+ auto it = std::end(buffer);
+ if (number < 0)
+ formatNegativeInteger(number, it);
+ else
+ formatPositiveInteger(number, it);
+ assert(it >= std::begin(buffer));
+
+ return S(&*it, std::end(buffer) - it);
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class Num> inline
+S numberTo(const Num& number, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT>)
+{
+ using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
+ CharType buffer[1 + sizeof(Num) * 241 / 100]; //zero-initialize?
+ //required chars: ceil(ln_10(256^sizeof(n))) =~ ceil(sizeof(n) * 2.4082) <= 1 + floor(sizeof(n) * 2.41)
+
+ auto it = std::end(buffer);
+ formatPositiveInteger(number, it);
+ assert(it >= std::begin(buffer));
+
+ return S(&*it, std::end(buffer) - it);
+}
+
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+template <class Num, class S> inline
+Num stringTo(const S& str, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_OTHER>) //default string to number conversion using streams: convenient, but SLOW
+{
+ using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
+ Num number = 0;
+ std::basic_istringstream<CharType>(copyStringTo<std::basic_string<CharType>>(str)) >> number;
+ return number;
+}
+
+
+template <class Num> inline Num stringToFloat(const char* str) { return std::strtod(str, nullptr); }
+template <class Num> inline Num stringToFloat(const wchar_t* str) { return std::wcstod(str, nullptr); }
+
+template <class Num, class S> inline
+Num stringTo(const S& str, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT>)
+{
+ return stringToFloat<Num>(strBegin(str));
+}
+
+template <class Num, class S>
+Num extractInteger(const S& str, bool& hasMinusSign) //very fast conversion to integers: slightly faster than std::atoi, but more importantly: generic
+{
+ using CharType = typename GetCharType<S>::Type;
+
+ const CharType* first = strBegin(str);
+ const CharType* last = first + strLength(str);
+
+ while (first != last && isWhiteSpace(*first)) //skip leading whitespace
+ ++first;
+
+ //handle minus sign
+ hasMinusSign = false;
+ if (first != last)
+ {
+ if (*first == static_cast<CharType>('-'))
+ {
+ hasMinusSign = true;
+ ++first;
+ }
+ else if (*first == static_cast<CharType>('+'))
+ ++first;
+ }
+
+ Num number = 0;
+ for (const CharType* it = first; it != last; ++it)
+ {
+ const CharType c = *it;
+ if (static_cast<CharType>('0') <= c && c <= static_cast<CharType>('9'))
+ {
+ number *= 10;
+ number += c - static_cast<CharType>('0');
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ //rest of string should contain whitespace only, it's NOT a bug if there is something else!
+ //assert(std::all_of(iter, last, &isWhiteSpace<CharType>)); -> this is NO assert situation
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return number;
+}
+
+
+template <class Num, class S> inline
+Num stringTo(const S& str, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT>)
+{
+ bool hasMinusSign = false; //handle minus sign
+ const Num number = extractInteger<Num>(str, hasMinusSign);
+ return hasMinusSign ? -number : number;
+}
+
+
+template <class Num, class S> inline
+Num stringTo(const S& str, Int2Type<NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT>) //very fast conversion to integers: slightly faster than std::atoi, but more importantly: generic
+{
+ bool hasMinusSign = false; //handle minus sign
+ const Num number = extractInteger<Num>(str, hasMinusSign);
+ if (hasMinusSign)
+ {
+ assert(false);
+ return 0U;
+ }
+ return number;
+}
+}
+
+
+template <class S, class Num> inline
+S numberTo(const Num& number)
+{
+ using TypeTag = Int2Type<
+ IsSignedInt <Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT :
+ IsUnsignedInt<Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT :
+ IsFloat <Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT :
+ impl::NUM_TYPE_OTHER>;
+
+ return impl::numberTo<S>(number, TypeTag());
+}
+
+
+template <class Num, class S> inline
+Num stringTo(const S& str)
+{
+ using TypeTag = Int2Type<
+ IsSignedInt <Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_SIGNED_INT :
+ IsUnsignedInt<Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT :
+ IsFloat <Num>::value ? impl::NUM_TYPE_FLOATING_POINT :
+ impl::NUM_TYPE_OTHER>;
+
+ return impl::stringTo<Num>(str, TypeTag());
+}
+
+
+inline //hexify beats "printNumber<std::string>("%02X", c)" by a nice factor of 3!
+std::pair<char, char> hexify(unsigned char c, bool upperCase)
+{
+ auto hexifyDigit = [upperCase](int num) -> char //input [0, 15], output 0-9, A-F
+ {
+ assert(0 <= num&& num <= 15); //guaranteed by design below!
+ if (num <= 9)
+ return static_cast<char>('0' + num); //no signed/unsigned char problem here!
+
+ if (upperCase)
+ return static_cast<char>('A' + (num - 10));
+ else
+ return static_cast<char>('a' + (num - 10));
+ };
+ return std::make_pair(hexifyDigit(c / 16), hexifyDigit(c % 16));
+}
+
+
+inline //unhexify beats "::sscanf(&it[3], "%02X", &tmp)" by a factor of 3000 for ~250000 calls!!!
+char unhexify(char high, char low)
+{
+ auto unhexifyDigit = [](char hex) -> int //input 0-9, a-f, A-F; output range: [0, 15]
+ {
+ if ('0' <= hex && hex <= '9') //no signed/unsigned char problem here!
+ return hex - '0';
+ else if ('A' <= hex && hex <= 'F')
+ return (hex - 'A') + 10;
+ else if ('a' <= hex && hex <= 'f')
+ return (hex - 'a') + 10;
+ assert(false);
+ return 0;
+ };
+ return static_cast<unsigned char>(16 * unhexifyDigit(high) + unhexifyDigit(low)); //[!] convert to unsigned char first, then to char (which may be signed)
+}
+}
+
+#endif //STRING_TOOLS_H_213458973046
bgstack15