// *****************************************************************************
// * This file is part of the FreeFileSync project. It is distributed under    *
// * GNU General Public License: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0          *
// * Copyright (C) Zenju (zenju AT freefilesync DOT org) - All Rights Reserved *
// *****************************************************************************

#ifndef STL_TOOLS_H_84567184321434
#define STL_TOOLS_H_84567184321434

#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
#include <cassert>
#include <algorithm>
#include <optional>
#include "string_traits.h"


//enhancements for <algorithm>
namespace zen
{
//append STL containers
template <class T, class Alloc, class C>
void append(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v, const C& c);

template <class T, class LessType, class Alloc, class C>
void append(std::set<T, LessType, Alloc>& s, const C& c);

template <class KeyType, class ValueType, class LessType, class Alloc, class C>
void append(std::map<KeyType, ValueType, LessType, Alloc>& m, const C& c);

template <class T, class Alloc>
void removeDuplicates(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v);

template <class T, class Alloc, class CompLess>
void removeDuplicates(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v, CompLess less);

template <class T, class Alloc, class CompLess>
void removeDuplicatesStable(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v, CompLess less);

template <class T, class Alloc>
void removeDuplicatesStable(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v);

//searching STL containers
template <class BidirectionalIterator, class T>
BidirectionalIterator findLast(BidirectionalIterator first, BidirectionalIterator last, const T& value);

//replacement for std::find_end taking advantage of bidirectional iterators (and giving the algorithm a reasonable name)
template <class BidirectionalIterator1, class BidirectionalIterator2>
BidirectionalIterator1 searchLast(BidirectionalIterator1 first1, BidirectionalIterator1 last1,
                                  BidirectionalIterator2 first2, BidirectionalIterator2 last2);

//binary search returning an iterator
template <class Iterator, class T, class CompLess>
Iterator binarySearch(Iterator first, Iterator last, const T& value, CompLess less);

//read-only variant of std::merge; input: two sorted ranges
template <class Iterator, class FunctionLeftOnly, class FunctionBoth, class FunctionRightOnly>
void mergeTraversal(Iterator first1, Iterator last1,
                    Iterator first2, Iterator last2,
                    FunctionLeftOnly lo, FunctionBoth bo, FunctionRightOnly ro);

//why, oh why is there no std::optional<T>::get()???
template <class T> inline       T* get(      std::optional<T>& opt) { return opt ? &*opt : nullptr; }
template <class T> inline const T* get(const std::optional<T>& opt) { return opt ? &*opt : nullptr; }



//===========================================================================
template <class T> class SharedRef;
template <class T, class... Args> SharedRef<T> makeSharedRef(Args&& ... args);

template <class T>
class SharedRef //why is there no std::shared_ref???
{
public:
    SharedRef() = delete; //no surprise memory allocations!

    explicit SharedRef(std::shared_ptr<T> ptr) : ref_(std::move(ptr)) { assert(ref_); }

    template <class U>
    SharedRef(const SharedRef<U>& other) : ref_(other.ref_) {}

    /**/  T& ref()       { return *ref_; };
    const T& ref() const { return *ref_; };

    std::shared_ptr<      T> ptr()       { return ref_; };
    std::shared_ptr<const T> ptr() const { return ref_; };

private:
    template <class U> friend class SharedRef;

    std::shared_ptr<T> ref_; //always bound
};

template <class T, class... Args> inline
SharedRef<T> makeSharedRef(Args&& ... args) { return SharedRef<T>(std::make_shared<T>(std::forward<Args>(args)...)); }

//===========================================================================





//######################## implementation ########################
template <class T, class Alloc, class C> inline
void append(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v, const C& c) { v.insert(v.end(), c.begin(), c.end()); }


template <class T, class LessType, class Alloc, class C> inline
void append(std::set<T, LessType, Alloc>& s, const C& c) { s.insert(c.begin(), c.end()); }


template <class KeyType, class ValueType, class LessType, class Alloc, class C> inline
void append(std::map<KeyType, ValueType, LessType, Alloc>& m, const C& c) { m.insert(c.begin(), c.end()); }


template <class T, class Alloc, class CompLess, class CompEqual> inline
void removeDuplicates(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v, CompLess less, CompEqual eq)
{
    std::sort(v.begin(), v.end(), less);
    v.erase(std::unique(v.begin(), v.end(), eq), v.end());
}


template <class T, class Alloc, class CompLess> inline
void removeDuplicates(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v, CompLess less)
{
    removeDuplicates(v, less, [&](const auto& lhs, const auto& rhs) { return !less(lhs, rhs) && !less(rhs, lhs); });
}


template <class T, class Alloc> inline
void removeDuplicates(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v)
{
    removeDuplicates(v, std::less(), std::equal_to());
}


template <class T, class Alloc, class CompLess> inline
void removeDuplicatesStable(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v, CompLess less)
{
    std::set<T, CompLess> usedItems(less);
    v.erase(std::remove_if(v.begin(), v.end(),
    [&usedItems](const T& e) { return !usedItems.insert(e).second; }), v.end());
}


template <class T, class Alloc> inline
void removeDuplicatesStable(std::vector<T, Alloc>& v)
{
    removeDuplicatesStable(v, std::less());
}


template <class Iterator, class T, class CompLess> inline
Iterator binarySearch(Iterator first, Iterator last, const T& value, CompLess less)
{
    static_assert(std::is_same_v<typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::iterator_category, std::random_access_iterator_tag>);

    first = std::lower_bound(first, last, value, less); //alternative: std::partition_point
    if (first != last && !less(value, *first))
        return first;
    else
        return last;
}


template <class BidirectionalIterator, class T> inline
BidirectionalIterator findLast(const BidirectionalIterator first, const BidirectionalIterator last, const T& value)
{
    for (BidirectionalIterator it = last; it != first;) //reverse iteration: 1. check 2. decrement 3. evaluate
    {
        --it; //

        if (*it == value)
            return it;
    }
    return last;
}


template <class BidirectionalIterator1, class BidirectionalIterator2> inline
BidirectionalIterator1 searchLast(const BidirectionalIterator1 first1,       BidirectionalIterator1 last1,
                                  const BidirectionalIterator2 first2, const BidirectionalIterator2 last2)
{
    const BidirectionalIterator1 itNotFound = last1;

    //reverse iteration: 1. check 2. decrement 3. evaluate
    for (;;)
    {
        BidirectionalIterator1 it1 = last1;
        BidirectionalIterator2 it2 = last2;

        for (;;)
        {
            if (it2 == first2) return it1;
            if (it1 == first1) return itNotFound;

            --it1;
            --it2;

            if (*it1 != *it2) break;
        }
        --last1;
    }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//read-only variant of std::merge; input: two sorted ranges
template <class Iterator, class FunctionLeftOnly, class FunctionBoth, class FunctionRightOnly> inline
void mergeTraversal(Iterator first1, Iterator last1,
                    Iterator first2, Iterator last2,
                    FunctionLeftOnly lo, FunctionBoth bo, FunctionRightOnly ro)
{
    auto itL = first1;
    auto itR = first2;

    auto finishLeft  = [&] { std::for_each(itL, last1, lo); };
    auto finishRight = [&] { std::for_each(itR, last2, ro); };

    if (itL == last1) return finishRight();
    if (itR == last2) return finishLeft ();

    for (;;)
        if (itL->first < itR->first)
        {
            lo(*itL);
            if (++itL == last1)
                return finishRight();
        }
        else if (itR->first < itL->first)
        {
            ro(*itR);
            if (++itR == last2)
                return finishLeft();
        }
        else
        {
            bo(*itL, *itR);
            ++itL; //
            ++itR; //increment BOTH before checking for end of range!
            if (itL == last1) return finishRight();
            if (itR == last2) return finishLeft ();
            //simplify loop by placing both EOB checks at the beginning? => slightly slower
        }
}


//FNV-1a: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fowler%E2%80%93Noll%E2%80%93Vo_hash_function
template <class Num>
class FNV1aHash
{
public:
    FNV1aHash() {}
    explicit FNV1aHash(Num startVal) : hashVal_(startVal) {}

    void add(Num n)
    {
        hashVal_ ^= n;
        hashVal_ *= prime_;
    }

    Num get() const { return hashVal_; }

private:
    static_assert(IsUnsignedIntV<Num>);
    static_assert(sizeof(Num) == 4 || sizeof(Num) == 8);
    static constexpr Num base_  = sizeof(Num) == 4 ? 2166136261U : 14695981039346656037ULL;
    static constexpr Num prime_ = sizeof(Num) == 4 ?   16777619U :        1099511628211ULL;

    Num hashVal_ = base_;
};


template <class Num, class ByteIterator> inline
Num hashArray(ByteIterator first, ByteIterator last)
{
    using ValType = typename std::iterator_traits<ByteIterator>::value_type;
    static_assert(sizeof(ValType) <= sizeof(Num));
    static_assert(IsIntegerV<ValType> || std::is_same_v<ValType, char> || std::is_same_v<ValType, wchar_t>);

    FNV1aHash<Num> hash;
    std::for_each(first, last, [&hash](ValType v) { hash.add(v); });
    return hash.get();
}


struct StringHash //support for custom string classes with std::unordered_set/map
{
    using is_transparent = int; //allow heterogenous lookup!

    template <class String>
    size_t operator()(const String& str) const
    {
        const auto* const strFirst = strBegin(str);
        return hashArray<size_t>(strFirst, strFirst + strLength(str));
    }
};

struct StringEqual
{
    using is_transparent = int; //allow heterogenous lookup!

    template <class String1, class String2>
    bool operator()(const String1& lhs, const String2& rhs) const
    {
        return equalString(lhs, rhs);
    }
};
}

#endif //STL_TOOLS_H_84567184321434