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+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// The Loki Library
+// Copyright (c) 2001 by Andrei Alexandrescu
+// This code accompanies the book:
+// Alexandrescu, Andrei. "Modern C++ Design: Generic Programming and Design 
+//     Patterns Applied". Copyright (c) 2001. Addison-Wesley.
+// Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software for any 
+//     purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the above copyright 
+//     notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this 
+//     permission notice appear in supporting documentation.
+// The author or Addison-Wesley Longman make no representations about the 
+//     suitability of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" 
+//     without express or implied warranty.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#ifndef LOKI_HIERARCHYGENERATORS_INC_
+#define LOKI_HIERARCHYGENERATORS_INC_
+
+// $Id: HierarchyGenerators.h 751 2006-10-17 19:50:37Z syntheticpp $
+
+
+#include "Typelist.h"
+#include "TypeTraits.h"
+#include "EmptyType.h"
+
+namespace Loki
+{
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1300
+#pragma warning( push ) 
+ // 'class1' : base-class 'class2' is already a base-class of 'class3'
+#pragma warning( disable : 4584 )
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// class template GenScatterHierarchy
+// Generates a scattered hierarchy starting from a typelist and a template
+// Invocation (TList is a typelist, Unit is a template of one arg):
+// GenScatterHierarchy<TList, Unit>
+// The generated class inherits all classes generated by instantiating the 
+// template 'Unit' with the types contained in TList 
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    namespace Private
+    {
+        // The following type helps to overcome subtle flaw in the original 
+        // implementation of GenScatterHierarchy. 
+        // The flaw is revealed when the input type list of GenScatterHierarchy 
+        // contains more then one element of the same type (e.g. LOKI_TYPELIST_2(int, int)). 
+        // In this case GenScatterHierarchy will contain multiple bases of the same 
+        // type and some of them will not be reachable (per 10.3).
+        // For example before the fix the first element of Tuple<LOKI_TYPELIST_2(int, int)>
+        // is not reachable in any way!
+        template<class, class> 
+        struct ScatterHierarchyTag;
+    }
+
+    template <class TList, template <class> class Unit>
+    class GenScatterHierarchy;
+     
+    template <class T1, class T2, template <class> class Unit>
+    class GenScatterHierarchy<Typelist<T1, T2>, Unit>
+        : public GenScatterHierarchy<Private::ScatterHierarchyTag<T1, T2>, Unit>
+        , public GenScatterHierarchy<T2, Unit>
+    {
+    public:
+        typedef Typelist<T1, T2> TList;
+        // Insure that LeftBase is unique and therefore reachable
+        typedef GenScatterHierarchy<Private::ScatterHierarchyTag<T1, T2>, Unit> LeftBase;
+        typedef GenScatterHierarchy<T2, Unit> RightBase;
+        template <typename T> struct Rebind
+        {
+            typedef Unit<T> Result;
+        };
+    };
+     
+    // In the middle *unique* class that resolve possible ambiguity
+    template <class T1, class T2, template <class> class Unit>
+    class GenScatterHierarchy<Private::ScatterHierarchyTag<T1, T2>, Unit> 
+        : public GenScatterHierarchy<T1, Unit>
+    {
+    };
+
+    template <class AtomicType, template <class> class Unit>
+    class GenScatterHierarchy : public Unit<AtomicType>
+    {
+        typedef Unit<AtomicType> LeftBase;
+        template <typename T> struct Rebind
+        {
+            typedef Unit<T> Result;
+        };
+    };
+    
+    template <template <class> class Unit>
+    class GenScatterHierarchy<NullType, Unit>
+    {
+        template <typename T> struct Rebind
+        {
+            typedef Unit<T> Result;
+        };
+    };
+     
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// function template Field
+// Accesses a field in an object of a type generated with GenScatterHierarchy
+// Invocation (obj is an object of a type H generated with GenScatterHierarchy,
+//     T is a type in the typelist used to generate H):
+// Field<T>(obj)
+// returns a reference to Unit<T>, where Unit is the template used to generate H 
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    template <class T, class H>
+    typename H::template Rebind<T>::Result& Field(H& obj)
+    {
+        return obj;
+    }
+     
+    template <class T, class H>
+    const typename H::template Rebind<T>::Result& Field(const H& obj)
+    {
+        return obj;
+    }
+     
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// function template TupleUnit
+// The building block of tuples 
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    template <class T>
+    struct TupleUnit
+    {
+        T value_;
+        operator T&() { return value_; }
+        operator const T&() const { return value_; }
+    };
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// class template Tuple
+// Implements a tuple class that holds a number of values and provides field 
+//     access to them via the Field function (below) 
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    template <class TList>
+    struct Tuple : public GenScatterHierarchy<TList, TupleUnit>
+    {
+    };
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// helper class template FieldHelper
+// See Field below
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    template <class H, unsigned int i> struct FieldHelper;
+    
+    template <class H>
+    struct FieldHelper<H, 0>
+    {
+        typedef typename H::TList::Head ElementType;
+        typedef typename H::template Rebind<ElementType>::Result UnitType;
+        
+        enum
+        {
+            isTuple = Conversion<UnitType, TupleUnit<ElementType> >::sameType,
+            isConst = TypeTraits<H>::isConst
+        };
+
+        typedef const typename H::LeftBase ConstLeftBase;
+        
+        typedef typename Select<isConst, ConstLeftBase, 
+            typename H::LeftBase>::Result LeftBase;
+            
+        typedef typename Select<isTuple, ElementType, 
+            UnitType>::Result UnqualifiedResultType;
+
+        typedef typename Select<isConst, const UnqualifiedResultType,
+                        UnqualifiedResultType>::Result ResultType;
+            
+        static ResultType& Do(H& obj)
+        {
+            LeftBase& leftBase = obj;
+            return leftBase;
+        }
+    };
+
+    template <class H, unsigned int i>
+    struct FieldHelper
+    {
+        typedef typename TL::TypeAt<typename H::TList, i>::Result ElementType;
+        typedef typename H::template Rebind<ElementType>::Result UnitType;
+        
+        enum
+        {
+            isTuple = Conversion<UnitType, TupleUnit<ElementType> >::sameType,
+            isConst = TypeTraits<H>::isConst
+        };
+
+        typedef const typename H::RightBase ConstRightBase;
+        
+        typedef typename Select<isConst, ConstRightBase, 
+            typename H::RightBase>::Result RightBase;
+
+        typedef typename Select<isTuple, ElementType, 
+            UnitType>::Result UnqualifiedResultType;
+
+        typedef typename Select<isConst, const UnqualifiedResultType,
+                        UnqualifiedResultType>::Result ResultType;
+            
+        static ResultType& Do(H& obj)
+        {
+            RightBase& rightBase = obj;
+            return FieldHelper<RightBase, i - 1>::Do(rightBase);
+        }
+    };
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// function template Field
+// Accesses a field in an object of a type generated with GenScatterHierarchy
+// Invocation (obj is an object of a type H generated with GenScatterHierarchy,
+//     i is the index of a type in the typelist used to generate H):
+// Field<i>(obj)
+// returns a reference to Unit<T>, where Unit is the template used to generate H
+//     and T is the i-th type in the typelist 
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    template <int i, class H>
+    typename FieldHelper<H, i>::ResultType&
+    Field(H& obj)
+    {
+        return FieldHelper<H, i>::Do(obj);
+    }
+        
+//    template <int i, class H>
+//    const typename FieldHelper<H, i>::ResultType&
+//    Field(const H& obj)
+//    {
+//        return FieldHelper<H, i>::Do(obj);
+//    }
+        
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// class template GenLinearHierarchy
+// Generates a linear hierarchy starting from a typelist and a template
+// Invocation (TList is a typelist, Unit is a template of two args):
+// GenScatterHierarchy<TList, Unit>
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    template
+    <
+        class TList,
+        template <class AtomicType, class Base> class Unit,
+        class Root = EmptyType
+    >
+    class GenLinearHierarchy;
+    
+    template
+    <
+        class T1,
+        class T2,
+        template <class, class> class Unit,
+        class Root
+    >
+    class GenLinearHierarchy<Typelist<T1, T2>, Unit, Root>
+        : public Unit< T1, GenLinearHierarchy<T2, Unit, Root> >
+    {
+    };
+
+    template
+    <
+        class T,
+        template <class, class> class Unit,
+        class Root
+    >
+    class GenLinearHierarchy<Typelist<T, NullType>, Unit, Root>
+        : public Unit<T, Root>
+    {
+    };
+
+    template
+    <
+        template <class, class> class Unit,
+        class Root
+    >
+    class GenLinearHierarchy<NullType , Unit, Root>
+        : public Root // is this better: Unit<NullType, Root> ?
+    {
+    };
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1300
+#pragma warning( pop ) 
+#endif
+}   // namespace Loki
+
+#endif // end file guardian
+